Identifying A Target Market And Prepare A Customer Profile

Website Article: How to Identify a Target Market and Prepare a Customer Profile URL: http://edwardlowe.org/how-to-identify-a-target-market-and-prepare-a-customer-profile/ This website’s main focus is on how to identify a target market and prepare a customer profile. Hence the article explained in great detail about getting the message to the people who need and want what you have to offer. † This guide takes you through a step-by-step process that helps you identify specific target markets within your industry and provides you with the know-how to create customer profiles to better channel your marketing efforts,† (Susan MaGee, 2016.). The article states that a Business Builder will take you through a step-by-step process in identifying specific market targets in your industry enhance your knowledge in creating customer profiles. Manufacturer who want to sell their product need to have an effective marketing strategy in order to market their product or service. It is quiet important that the product is tailor made to your marketing and sales efforts so that you specifically reach the segment of population that will most likely buy your product or service. I find that business that spend time to critically determine a clear primary market spend their energy and money efficiently. Once one determines whether the business is large enough to sustain them on an ongoing basis then there is need for market analysis, which can be measured. There three major type of marketsShow MoreRelatedThe Importance of Prospect Profiling in Sales Management1005 Words   |  5 PagesProfiling in Sales Management Prospecting is the first stage in the personal selling process and is defined as the sellers search for and identification of qualified buyers. Potential prospects come from a variety of sources, including existing customers, personal contacts, directories, computerized databases, trade publications, and trade shows. Prospects may respond to advertising by placing a telephone call or writing for more information. Such responses, called inquires, are often assigned toRead MoreMarketing Pl An Organization1658 Words   |  7 Pagesfunding, useful in identifying strategic alliances, and assist in gaining customer commitment, strategic plans often required to dispel debt. According to Stuart Gandolf, â€Å"A good marketing plan allows you to anticipate, assess, prepare, build a roadmap to follow, cover-your-bases, construct necessary support systems, protect yourself and dramatically improve your chances for marketing success. Critical elements of a Marketing Plan Target Marketing – establishing target customers, Competition AnalysisRead MoreCialis Case Study1034 Words   |  5 Pages1 (25 Marks Total): According to information provided in the case, identify 3 main ED market segments. Describe each segment’s characteristics, including opportunities and barriers for adoption. Focus on key ED segments essential for future marketing campaign, as opposed to all possible segments. If sufficient information is provided in the case, identify potential size of the segment. - Correctly identifying demographics/age as a segment (2 marks) - Discuss main each age sub-group - 20-39, 40-49Read MoreSegmentation Analysis Literature Review1250 Words   |  5 PagesSegmentation Analysis Literature Review To match the needs of costumers, consumers and producers, not only in case of private people but of businesses or companies, target marketing is needed. To obtain the particular market firstly a marketer has to prepare a market research, after which he segments the market, and then targets a single segment or series of segments, and finally positions within the segment(s). From these processes, I have chosen Segmentation Analysis as the topic of this essayRead MoreValue Proposition : Company s Product And Service Essay1684 Words   |  7 Pages Value Proposition What values will the company’s product and service bring to the customer, and what benefit will the customer receive? Don’t explain what the technology is all about, but what measurable benefit the customer will get from using your product or service. Things like greater revenue opportunity, a competitive advantage, reduced cost and expense, and new offering that expands current revenue should be discussed here. Our zinc peptide technology has proven to be vital to the wound careRead MoreGiant Consumers1232 Words   |  5 Pagesmarketing strategy food industry brand equity brand management quantitative analysis of return sales promotion return on marketing investment (ROMI) Cannibalization Promotion plan Forwarding buying Pass-through Stock Piling Brand Equity Erosion Customer Buying pattern Frozen food division (FFD) is the key contributor to Giant Consumer Product s (GCP) profits which have successfully grown over the past 30 years. The company has two main products lines, Italian frozen dinner â€Å" DinardoTM†, andRead Morebusiness plan1299 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿The Business plan LOTUS Sun-Block Cream The Business plan could take hundreds of hours to prepare, depending on the experience and knowledge of the entrepreneur as well as the purpose it is intended to serve m It should be comprehensive enough to give any potential investor a complete picture and understanding of the new venture and will help the entrepreneur clarify his or her thinking about the business. 1. Introductory Page: 2. Executive Summary 3. Environmental and Industry Analysis Read MoreEssay on The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act1073 Words   |  5 Pagesdetermine how health care reform will affect market and non-market driven decisions. Within this topic I will describe how I will implement a strategic plan that includes health care reform even if the new law will take affect or not. The five environmental forces that are affected by the law will be discussed as well as a new target audience. Determine how this Federal law will affect market-driven and non-market driven decisions. To be considered as market driven, it means that everything that isRead MoreDesigning Plans For Current And Future Business930 Words   |  4 Pages As a company is becoming established and constructing plans for current and future business approaches, one vital consideration for the company is identifying its key success factors, or KSFs. KSFs are the factors that determine a company’s ability to compete successfully in an industry. The specific KSFs for any given company are unique, but by using whichever metrics have been uniquely decided upon and focusing efforts on evaluating and maximizing performance based on these KSFs, entrepreneursRead MoreDomestic and Global Product Branding Strategy of Comfort Cakes by Lynda1405 Words   |  6 Pagesflavors that it has to offer to its consumers Altogether some seem to think branding a bakery a waste of money, research (e..g Idea spot; Inc.com) shows it to be useful. This is particularly so since even though one may have a cadre of local customers, customers need to be able to describe and particularize the product, aside from the fact that branding helps disseminate the bakerys reputation. Branding for both domestic and global product will adopt the same technique: My steps will be to develop

Fashion Following the Coolest Trends Essay - 780 Words

Did you know that fashion is known to be a popular style, especially in clothing, footwear, and accessories? Fashion is a trend, that keeps changing. It makes lifestyle interesting, and some people just think differently. People set the trends especially, companies and actors in the movies. Fashion is based on time, it changes as well. In opinion fashion is something I follow, I am known to be a fashionista! First of all, fashion mainly means the type of clothes you wear. Fashion is clothes depends upon it’s type, color, and model. Trend keeps changing the cloth type. Sometimes it’s cotton, silk, and nylon, it’s based on the publicity that it is getting. Fashion designers make the model and the color. It’s the trend to make film†¦show more content†¦Most certainly girls have more types of shoes to decide on than boys. It is all based on the type of clothes you are wearing. In my opinion Converse is the best shoe to wear! Forth of all, for girls, f ashion includes makeup as it’s top priority for most of them. The most used tools for makeup is eyeliner, mascara, lipstick, blush, powder, and etc. As you can see girls are into make-up lately, they wear it to school, work, and well anywhere you go. There are at least 82 percent of girls that wear makeup. Some girls choose not to wear makeup at all. Some girls wear makeup but not always on a regular basis. Makeup is like one of the things that girls love. Makeup is like ruining your face, no one can see your real face and the real you! Mascara and eyeliner just make your eyes pop out and make your eyelashes even darker. Lipstick just makes your lips bright so everyone can see. Blush makes your skin lighter. In my opinion makeup just makes you look pretty and doesn’t express your personality! Fifth of all, we are completely fashionable with our accessories. They all go hand in hand. In order to be fashionable you need to have accessories! I guarantee you that accessories will come in handy with your clothing. Girls usually need a purse and jewelry to go along with anything. Boys just need belts and ties. I wear a lot of bracelets and almost all of them are made up of rubber bands. There are so manyShow MoreRelatedEssay on A Call for Uniforms at PenArgyl High School600 Words   |  3 Pagesclothing. Social evaluation is based on physical appearance. With uniforms, there is entirely no controversy over who has the newest, coolest clothes in school; style is eliminated from the academic equation which would lead to less bullying occurring throughout the typical school day. Many teens often pester their parents for money in order to obtain the latest trends, which are not always school appropriate. The reason for this is that teenagers want to appear â€Å"cool† to avoid potentially being madeRead MoreEssay about Incorporating Uniforms into Our School1035 Words   |  5 Pagesclothing. Social evaluation is based on physical appearance. With uniforms, there is entirely no controversy over who has the newest, coolest clothes in school; style is eliminated from the academic equation which would lead to less bullying occurring throughout the typical school day. Many teens often pester their parents for money in order to obtain the latest trends, which are not always school appropriate. The reason for this is that teenagers want to appear â€Å"cool† to avoid potentially being madeRead MoreAbercrombie And Fitch : Swot Analysis1142 Words   |  5 PagesINTRODUCTION Abercrombie and Fitch is a well known retailer of casual clothing with over 300 stores in America and 170 stores worldwide. It was founded in 1982 by David T Abercrombie and Ezra H Fitch. After being owned by the fashion firm ‘The Limited’ in 1999, the brand went public on the New York Stock exchange. Currently, Abercrombie and Fitch sells jeans, graphic t shirts, shorts, knit and woven shirts, outerwear etc under the brand names of Abercrombie and Fitch, Abercrombie kids and HollisterRead MoreMy Community Download The Free971 Words   |  4 Pagesapp, which is available for both iPhone and Android users. I’ve had personal experience with this app, and what makes it so convenient is its accessibility to many user friendly features: it tracks motion, has a sound detector (which I find is the coolest feature because people can discover if they talk in their sleep), and contains a sleep debt log. It also has an alarm system with two optionsÍ ¾ the user can either set the alarm themselves (useful for school nights) or they can use the smart alarmRead MoreAF Case5347 Words   |  22 Pagesdone a wonderful job to stay in the market position despite the changing trends and lifestyles that generations have nowadays. It’s hard to keep intact with fashion trends because onc e you cannot cope up with the changing lifestyle of your consumers, you can expect to have a decrease in your sales and market share in other countries. The industry offers a lot of new and existing potential competitors especially in the fashion industry; you’re not just competing within the U.S. brands but also withRead MoreThe American Of American History Essay1523 Words   |  7 Pagesby either committing a crime or undergoing an initiation procedure wherein they are beaten by fellow gang members to test their courage and fighting ability. Their motivations for joining the gang are varied, but usually fall within one of the following: identity or recognition, protection, intimidation, criminal activity fellowship, and brotherhood. Being part of a gang allows the gang member to achieve a level of status he/she feels impossible outside the gang culture. Many members join becauseRead MoreAre Teens Magazines Be Considered As Academic Writings?1819 Words   |  8 Pagesa sp ecific vulnerable audience that happens to be teenagers. Magazines share the similar characteristics that an academic writing possesses, therefore teen magazines should be considered as academic writings. When reading academic writings, the following questions are usually asked inside the mind of the reader. What is the message or point in the text that the author is trying to convey? Does an explanation of his research exist? Is he reporting the data collected? What is he arguing of the resultsRead MoreTeens and Their Magazines1894 Words   |  8 Pagesand covered in make-up. The group of girls she associates herself with is also dressed very sexy and in my opinion inappropriate for their age. As they walk they giggle and hold conversations about fashion and what they did with their boyfriends last night. Checking out stores for the latest trends, they also take a look at some sexy lingerie in the display at Victoria’s Secret. Seeing some cute boys walking past they all follow the steps learned in Seventeen magazine’s â€Å"How to Catch a Guy† featureRead MoreSkills and Career Pathways in Hair Styling2439 Words   |  10 Pagesaesthetics of human hair. Of the many career opportunities available, the three of focus for this paper will be a hair stylist in the film and/or fashion industry; a cosmetic scientist that specializes in hair; and the executive producer of an international hair show. Keywords: hair styling, hair dressing, cosmetology, cosmetic science, dermatology, industry, fashion, film, show, research Skills and Career Pathways in Hair Styling Part A Human beings are concerned with and influenced by aestheticsRead MoreNegative Effects of Technology Essay2094 Words   |  9 Pagesorganization. Technology and science have helped us advance in medication and surgeries, as well as inventions such as metal plates, and artificial body parts. Television has revolutionized the world because people can now see news, images, shows, fashion, and advertisements on a screen. If there is ever a health emergency or just emergency situation in general, more often than not we are able to call for help. This links to main benefit of how â€Å"fast† technology is. What I mean by fast, is time efficient

Important Of Accountability Free Essays

Accountability is the act of accepting ownership over action and their contribution to the organization. Leadership and staff can influence large and small group and empower them to meet the objectives for the organization. The purpose of this paper discusses accountability in health care industry, and employee accountability. We will write a custom essay sample on Important Of Accountability or any similar topic only for you Order Now How accountability applies to ethical consideration in leadership and management, check-and-balance process, and accountability affect working culture. Why is accountability important in the health care industry? Concerning accountability, there are three levels to consider first, organizational accountability second, management accountability last, worker accountability. They share information to keep those who need to know. They set goals for themselves and people, and their team, and they explain how those goals measured. They monitor the goals and provide feedback. They consider potential outcome of their action, and decision. They take responsibility for their action as well as those people under them. They learn from their mistake, and help others learn from their. Health care industry set specific mandates and requirements for financial reporting, which sets deadline for compliance and rules and requirement (Turk, 2012). The integrity in the accounting standard applies to government and business practices (Turk, 2012). Organizations need to take responsibility for their action. The key component is to continue monitoring goals and objective. The accountability begins at the top and encompasses each level of the organization. How is an employee’s accountability measured in the health care industry? Employee accountability is the same as manager accountability, and the expectations should held accountable for meeting or not meeting these expectation. The biggest problem is communicating that why everyone understands the expectation of the company. The goals for the individual are used to measure success. The expectation includes attitude, work ethic, and skills, work habits this has to be understood so that the supervisor and employee have the same understanding (Turk, 2012). When expectation of the employee is met, the organization rewards him. If they are not met the organization resolve the problem, or consequence come behind the mistake. Leadership need to have feedback sessions with their employee to let him know positive and negative outcome, and recognize him in front of his peers. The goals are to admit their mistake and learn from them. How does accountability apply to ethnical consideration in leadership and management? The United States health care system faces challenges in providing quality health care to diverse population (Napoles-Springer, 2005). The effort to identify the culturally health care from the perspective of ethnically and diverse in detail to define cultural competence level of medical encounter are lacking the skills, and knowledge to identify the different cultural values and practices (Napoles-Springer, 2005). The measure could used to access how cultural competence of provider is associated with patient outcomes (Napoles-Springer, 2005). The cultural competence measure the quality of health care associated with patient outcome. The ethnical responsibility carries certain degree of respect, cooperation, share knowledge, and teamwork. The problems arise with staff members and department, but building rapport with the department can improve the work experience, and the experience of patient treated through the health care industry. The employer ethnical responsibly are to orientation and training on new and existing equipment, empowered employees to be more productive, and happy with his job. There should be a chain of command where staff member could resolve issues What does check-and-balances process look like in a successful organization? The check-and-balance process support employee ensures a transparent working environment, and keep ethical employee from manipulate and intimidate by others. The proper check-and-balance prevents individuals ignoring ethical guidelines, and deters bad behavior. An organization structuring a set of check-and-balance needs where problems develop and how they can fix it. The process start with leaderships they must become aware and involved in the organization. The organization should have tight control and failure to follow policy and procedure will be deal with. Leadership must act ethically and insisting that the staff do the same. Leadership must be on guard for that area where ethical lapse occurs and provide the check-and-balance to prevent them. How does accountability affect an organization’s working culture? Health care industry shares the fundamental commitment to enhance the quality of care for those needing health care service, and create effective health care delivery system (American College of Healthcare Executive, 2010). The goal is to create a workplace that attracts and keeps the best employee with the opportunity for personal and professional development, which includes education, specialty training, and access to career goal. Mutual respect and care create a work environment, which everyone believes valued and appreciated, and looking forward to go to work every day. Communication is critical for a company set up regular meeting invite feedback. Encourage employee to contribute innovative and quality ideas. Coordinate and monitoring activity keep focus on goals and action. Provide accurate information to employee, and ensure that the action is consistent with the company objective and goals, and established deadline when task must be complete, and review task ongoing and in progress (American College of Healthcare Executive, 2010) How can you maintain a positive working culture and avoid a working culture of blame? A positive workplace lead to increased in productivity, better employee morale, and the ability to keep skilled worker (McFarlin, 2012). First a clear vision or mission for the organization this defines the foundation of the organization. Second, hired positive employee an individual with friendly smile, upbeat personality, handles conflict, and interact with others. Third, establish an open-door-policy be accessible to the staff, have one-on-one meeting listen to feedback both positive and negative. Fourth, communicate with the staff keep them inform on what is going on with the organization be honest with the staff about upcoming changes in the organization. Last recognized the staff accomplishment, and establish reward system for excellent performance, and thank an employee for a job well done. Encourage staff member to recruit potential employee. The employee will have a better feel of which he want to work with, and the goal is to promote a positive work environment (McFarlin, 2012). Conclusion In conclusion this paper discusses accountability in health care industry, employee’s accountability, the ethical consideration in leadership, and management. The checks-and-balances process and the accountability work culture. Accountability must begin at the top and run through the organization. Accountability in health care industry must have good communication; defined goals at each level, monitoring feedback, consequences are part of the process. The responsibility of the organization holds staff accountability for the outcome of health care. How to cite Important Of Accountability, Papers

Employee Engagement Human Resource Department

Question: Discuss about theEmployee Engagement for Human Resource Department. Answer: Introduction The phrase Employee Engagement has attained fame in the recent years. Advocated optimistic results of Employee Engagement make associations build up the culture or atmosphere of engagement at the workplace on the highest priority for the Enterprise. The relationship between the organization and its workers is the main property of the Employee engagement. Engaged Employee is characterized as the individual who is completely absorbed as well as enthusiastic regarding their work thus makes positive moves to advance the association's interests and reputation. This study includes the variables added to Employee Engagement and how the Human Resources play a vital part in upgrading Employee Engagement are also discussed in this paper. Background In the recent past 'Employee Engagement' seemed as a typical expression in the Human Resource department. In the year 1990, Kahn had set up a theoretical model to understand why and when people invest varying levels of themselves in the job profiles performance. He explored situations at a workplace where individuals had personally expressed as well as engaged their personal selves. The level of inclusion and commitment, a worker has towards the organization and also to its values is known as Employee Engagement. The Engaged workers know about the business settings, work with associates to enhance performance in the business for the wellbieng of the organization and has an inspirational mentality held by employees towards the enterprise values (Cervai, Kekale and Claxton, 2014). Arguments for as Well as Against Employee engagement is the most vital performance and association management theme. There are various positive results from building the employee engagement and both organizations and employees take benefits from the Employee engagement. Almost every organization expresses that there is an association between the employee engagement and profitability of organizations because there is an increment in organizations benefits through higher profitability, expanded deals, consumer loyalty and employee maintenance (Berens, 2013). On the other hand, some negative aspects of Employee Engagement are also there. Dramatic changes in the economy of the entire world in the last Twenty-five years has had a huge implication for reciprocity and commitment amongst the employers and their workers and these changes also effect Employee Engagement adversely. There are a few strategies which are not to be talked about by the organization to its employees. A few things are there to be kept unrevealed as i t is not fair to engage the employee in the important discussions (Cook, 2008). Applicability of the Approach Employee Engagement Relate to Job Satisfaction and Motivation Job Satisfaction: Employee or Job satisfaction is, basically, how content or fulfilled representatives are with their employments. Job satisfaction is ordinarily measured by utilizing an employee satisfaction review in the organization. Motivations: Keeping workers engaged and motivated is the way to achieve the organizations prosperity. Sadly, there is no precise way to motivate the workers since diverse individuals are motivated by diverse things at diverse times. There are numerous variables influencing motivation that chiefs have practically no control over it (Ganesh, 2016). Impact of the Concepts Workers acquire a fundamental part of every organization; the enthusiasm of representatives will help to accomplish the organization's goals. Effective Employee Engagement system makes a group in the workplace rather than just a workforce. At the point when the workers are viable and emphatically engaged with their association, they frame an enthusiastic association with the organization. This impacts their state of mind towards both their partners and the organization's customer and enhances consumer loyalty and administration levels (Garber, 2007). Factors which might be added to decrease the levels of employee engagement in the present workplace will include some demographic and workplace factors. Demographic Factors: Employee Engagement Surveys have made it significant among the organizations and the effect of Demographic Variables on the Employee Engagement is the main component on which the organizations focuses the most (Messarra, 2014). Success today needs a better and good attendance of employees. Employees play a significant role within every organization. The employees interest will help organizations to achieve their objectives. The employees trust in the purpose, values, and mission of the organization and show their commitment via their activities as a worker and attitudes towards their employer as well as their customer. (Haski-Leventhal, 2012). Working environment factors: Great working environment makes a vision and regular team objectives to keep up the motivation or inspiration of their representatives over a very long time period. The administration team must show achievement and development of the association. The present achievement of the organization and the conviction or trust on the employees where the business will go later on is vital to a representative's inspiration at the workplace (Kumar and Swetha, 2011). Therefore, there are lots of factors which contribute to reducing the level of the Employee Engagement in the workplace. Example of Employee Engagement A case of an organization that used the instrument created by the Gallup is B and Q, the UK based, home change organization is discussed here. In 2000, the organization has been measuring the Employee Engagement utilizing the Q12 overview. In 1998, around 3500 workers from Forty-three B Q stores took an interest in the nine-month experimental run program. The tool comprises of 12 inquiries and the answerer was requested that demonstrate to what degree they concur or differ to every inquiry. High scores overview shows the high state of employee engagement (McBain, 2007). HR Value Adds or Manage Employee Engagement Human Resource supports the Employee Engagement: With a specific end goal to, achieve competitive advantages associations are referring to Human Resource divisions to set the plan for making the way or culture of engagement in the workplace. The HR divisions manage the workforce and their relationships. Its responsibilities frequently include standard managerial undertakings and helping different chiefs by managing representatives beginning of the determination procedure up to the end of the agreement (Mr.K.ArunKumar, 2013). The Human Resource division is responsible for staffing, choice, introduction, preparing and advancement, execution evaluation and wellbeing issues. Relevant Concepts, Models, Theories in HR Field Hewitts Engagement Framework: Aon Hewitt's representative engagement research represents an assortment of organizations, ventures, along with geographic regions through the nations in Asia-Pacific, North America, Europe, and Latin America. Understanding and checking how connected or engaged organizations individuals has no value until organization does not recognize what activities will be best in expanding their Employee engagement (Sonenshein and Dholakia, 2012). Sakss multidimensional theory: Another way to deal with representative engagement emerged out of the multidimensional point of view of the Employee Engagement introduced by Saks in 2006. Saks characterized Employee Engagement as a particular and unique kind of constructing and comprising of psychological, enthusiastic, and behavioral segments that are connected with people role performance. Strategic function: Vital Human Resource incorporates Human Resource arrangements and approaches with the association's vital plans, providing the possibility to make the representatives' work more significantly and identified with the vital strategic direction of the association (Neault and Pickerell, 2011). Selection and Recruitment: The enrollment procedure tries to guarantee that the organization has right individuals set in the right employments. This is imperative for the further worker or employee engagement, this is because if the representatives are tuned into their occupations, then all of them are mentally present during their works or task execution, they don't withdraw and block from the employment. Development and Training: Learning, preparing and advancement have two implications for the workers. It might be seen as an inherent motivator, as they assist workers' development, learning, and improvement. It can likewise be an outward motivator since they provide more instruments to representatives so that they can utilize them during their work or tasks for accomplishing their objectives (Plester and Hutchison, 2016). Research and Theory from HRM Literature and Journals Employee engagement models and theory Kahns require satisfying approach: Initially, Employee Engagement was noticed by Khan in 1990 in his article, Kahn characterized individual engagement as "the concurrent business and articulation of an individuals "favored self" in the tasks, practices which elevate the associations work. Maslachs burnout-antithesis approach: Kahn's examination was the main distributed writing on the engagement until the year 2001, when Schaufeli, Leiter and Maslach in 2001 started their study with work burnout idea. In their study, they positioned the Procedure of Employee Engagement like a "positive antithesis" to burnout (Vestal, 2012). Harters satisfaction-engagement Theory: In 2002, another approach by Harter exhibited a standout amongst the most broadly read and referred works on representative engagement, where they utilized 7939 specialty units to look at the advantages of engagement. Worker engagement was characterized here like an "individual's association and satisfaction and additionally enthusiasm for the work (Vitt, 2014). Conclusion It has been concluded in this study that the Employee Engagement nowadays has become a top priority for every organization. Developing an optimistic Employee Engagement framework to offer organizations, a sustainable competitive advantage. This study also concludes that the absence of the Employee Engagement model doesn't let the organization to achieve its goals. There is a need to enhance the factors and levels of Employee Engagement and results of this study shows that administrative employees in the organization are usually not engaged. References Berens, R. (2013). The Roots of Employee Engagement-A Strategic Approach. Empl. Rel. Today, 40(3), pp.43-49. Cervai, S., Kekale, T. and Claxton, J. (2014). Employee Engagement. Bradford: Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Cook, S. (2008). The essential guide to employee engagement. London: Kogan Page. Ganesh, A. (2016). Employee Engagement-A Means to Employee Involvement. IIMS Jrnl. Mgmt. Sci., 7(2), p.165. Garber, P. (2007). 50 activities for employee engagement. Amherst, Mass.: HRD Press. Haski-Leventhal, D. (2012). Employee Engagement in CSR: The Case of Payroll Giving in Australia. Corp. Soc. Responsib. Environ. Mgmt., 20(2), pp.113-128. Kumar, D. and Swetha, G. (2011). A Prognostic Examination of Employee Engagement from its Historical Roots. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, pp.232-241. McBain, R. (2007). The practice of engagement: Research into current employee engagement practice. Strategic HR Review, 6(6), pp.16-19. Messarra, L. (2014). Religious Diversity at Work: The Perceptual Effects of Religious Discrimination on Employee Engagement and Commitment. Contemporary Management Research, 10(1), pp.59-80. Mr.K.ArunKumar, M. (2013). Antecedents and Consequences of Employee Engagement- A Hypothetical Approach. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 9(3), pp.52-57. Neault, R. and Pickerell, D. (2011). Career engagement: bridging career counseling and employee engagement. Journal of Employment Counseling, 48(4), pp.185-188. Plester, B. and Hutchison, A. (2016). Fun times: the relationship between fun and workplace engagement. Employee Relations, 38(3), pp.332-350. Sonenshein, S. and Dholakia, U. (2012). Explaining Employee Engagement with Strategic Change Implementation: A Meaning-Making Approach. Organization Science, 23(1), pp.1-23. Vestal, K. (2012). Which Matters: Employee Satisfaction or Employee Engagement?. Nurse Leader, 10(6), pp.10-11. Vitt, L. (2014). Raising Employee Engagement Through Workplace Financial Education. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 2014(141), pp.67-77.

Slavery free essay sample

In a recent study, Nun (2008) examines the long-term impacts of Africans slave trade. He finds that the slave trade, which occurred over a period of more than 400 years, had a significant negative effect on long-term economic development. Although the paper arguably identifies a negative causal relationship between the slave trade and income today, the analysis is unable to pin down the exact causal mechanisms underlying the reduced form relationship documented in the paper. In this paper, we examine one of the channels through which the slave trade may affect economic development today. Ins fine-grained individual-level survey data, we test whether the slave trade caused a culture of mistrust to develop within Africa. Early in the slave trade, slaves were primarily captured through State organized raids and warfare. By the end of the trade, because of the environment of ubiquitous insecurity that had developed, individuals even friends and family members began to turn on one another, kidnapping, tricking, and selling each other into slavery (e. We will write a custom essay sample on Slavery or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page G. , Koehler, 1854, Hair, 1965, Pit, 1996).We hypothesize that in this environment, where everyone had to constantly be on guard against Ewing sold or tricked into slavery by those around them, a culture of mistrust may have evolved, and that this mistrust may continue to persist today. Our hypothesis builds on the well-established result from cultural anthropology that in environments where information acquisition is either costly or imperfect, the use of heuristic decision making strategies or rules- of-thumb can be an optimal strategy (Boyd and Richardson, 1 985, 1995).These general rules or beliefs about what the right action is in different situations saves the individual from the costs of information acquisition. Of course, these norms or rules-of-thumb do not develop in a vacuum, but evolve according to which norms yield the highest payoff. Our view is that in areas more exposed to the slave trade, rules-of-thumb or beliefs based on the mistrust of others would have been more beneficial relative to norms of trust and therefore would have become more prevalent over time.In other words, our hypothesis is that the slave trade would have engendered a culture of mistrust. Because these beliefs and norms persist, particularly in environments where they remain optimal, the relationship between these arms and a history of the slave trade may still exist in the data today almost 1 00 years after the slave trade has ended. Alternatively, the culture of mistrust that was a consequence of the slave trade may be an outcome that is stable. In other words, the slave trade may have caused a permanent change in the level 1 of mistrust in the society.Recent contributions, like Tableland (2008) and Guise, Sap ience, and Singles (coco), provide models that show how this can occur. To test our hypothesis, we use data from the 2005 round of the Barometers survey and examine whether individuals belonging to an ethnic group that was heavily targeted in the past are less trusting of others today. Because of the richness of the Barometers survey, we are able to test for the effect of the slave trade on the amount of trust that each respondent places in different individuals.Specifically, we examine the effects of the slave trade on individuals trust in (I) their relatives, (ii) their neighbors, and (iii) their local government council. We find that individuals, belonging to ethnicities that were exposed to the slave trades, today exhibit lower levels of rust in their relatives, neighbors, and their local government. This finding is consistent with the historical fact that by the end of the slave trade, it had become very common for individuals to be sold into slavery by neighbors, friends, and family members.An alternative explanation for our finding is that more s laves were supplied by ethnic groups that initially had lower levels of trust of those around them, and that these lower levels of trust continue to persist today. We pursue a number of strategies to identify the direction of causality in our OILS estimates. One strategy we pursue is to use the historic distance from the coast Of an ethnic group as an instrument for the number Of slaves taken from that ethnic group. There is ample historical evidence suggesting that the instrument is relevant, but it is far less clear that it satisfies the necessary exclusion restriction.The most likely reason why the exclusion restriction may fail is that the historic distance from the coast of an individuals ancestors is correlated with the current distance from the coast of the respondent, and his in turn is negatively correlated with income (Rapport and Cash, 2003), which is positively correlated with trust (Lasing and La Ferreira, 2002). 1 For this reason, in our IV estimates, where we use the historic distance from the coast of a respondents ancestors as an instrument, we also control for the respondents current distance from the coast.The IV estimation produces estimates very similar to the OILS estimates. They provide evidence that the slave tra de caused the descendants of those targeted by the trade to be less trusting today. As is generally the case with instruments, it is possible that despite our second stage controls, our instrument still does not satisfy the necessary exclusion restriction. For this reason, we also perform a number of falsification exercises to assess the validity of our identification strategy.We 1 Note that this actually results in IV estimates that are biased towards zero. 2 examine the reduced form relationship between distance from the coast and trust within Africa and in two samples outside of Africa using data from Theodore Values Surveys and the Spectrometer. Within Africa, we find a throng positive relationship between distance from the coast and trust. This is expected given our IV estimates. Places further from the coast had less slaves taken in the past, and therefore exhibit higher levels of trust today.Our IV strategy relies on the assumption that the distance from the coast only affects trust through the slave trade. Therefore, if our exclusion restriction is satisfied, then when we examine the reduced form relationship between distance from the coast and trust outside of Africa where there was no slave trade, we expect to see no relationship. This is exactly what we find, In our samples outside of Africa, we estimate a statistically insignificant relationship between distance from the coast and trust.We also perform a similar exercise looking within Africa. We find that within the regions of Africa that were not exposed to the slave trade, no relationship exists between an individuals distance from the coast and trust today. We also find that the relationship increases the more exposed a region was to the slave trade. After establishing that the slave trade had an adverse effect on trust, we then urn to the task of distinguishing between the two most likely channels through which this could have occurred.One channel, which is the focus of our paper, is that the slave trade altered the cultural norms of the ethnic groups exposed to the trade, making them inherently less trusting. However, there is also a second channel, which a priori is as plausible and as important. The slave trade resulted in a longer deterioration of legal and political institutions, and such weak institutions enable citizens to cheat others more easily and, for this reason, individuals are less trusting of those around them.We undertake two exercises that attempt to identify the relative importance of these two channels. First, we look more closely at the determinants of respondents trust in their local government. We examine how the estimated effect of the slave trade changes when we control for a number of measures of individuals perceptions about the quality of their local government. By doing this, we attempt to control for differences in the external environment of each respondent and more closely isolate the beliefs and values internal to the individual.

How to Make Negative Sentences in French

How to Make Negative Sentences in French Making sentences negative in French is a bit more complicated than in English. This summary of the different kinds of negation and negation-related grammatical structures should help clear up some of the confusion. The title of each negation category links to a detailed lesson with examples of usage and a quiz. (Dont) just say nonNo, not a chance, I dont think so, and more. nonpas question ! Negative adverbsNegate or restrict the action of the verb they modify. ne... pasne... jamais Negative adjectivesNegate or cast doubt on a quality of the noun they modify. ne... nulne... aucun Negative pronounsNegate or cast doubt on the existence of the noun they replace. ne... rienne... personne Negative conjunctionTheres only one: ne... ni... ni... Negative questionsTheres a special French word to respond yes when someone else says no.lt;br - Non.- Si ! Negating infinitives2-part negative structures stay together in front of infinitives. Ne pas toucher.Ne jamais fermer. Nimporte... expressionsDesignate an unspecified person, thing, or characteristic. nimporte quinimporte quel... PasNegate a non-verbal structure. pas beaucouppas souvent Double negativesTwo negatives dont make a positive in French. Ce nest pas rien.Je nai jamais vu personne. Formal negationThere are three negative structures particular to formal French. ne... pointavant quil ne... Informal negationNe is often dropped in spoken French. Je sais pas.Bouge pas !

Global Marketing and Communications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Global Marketing and Communications - Essay Example Well established local brands with their prudent research and development teams like Coca Cola has been able to successfully move to foreign lands (Ghemawat, 2003). Companies looking for globalisation generally look for a market with a culture to that of their own. Globalisation deals with seeing the full potential of an outside market and being able to successfully tap that market. A company which is able to do that becomes a successful global brand. Coca Cola as a product came into existence in 1886. An Atlanta Pharmacist named John Pemberton brought it into existence. His bookkeeper Frank Robinson named it Coca Cola. Since then the brand Coca Cola has gone through a sea of change and has become one of the global leader in soft drinks industry (Coca Cola, n.d.). Coca Cola follows a style of growth and leadership along with constant up gradation in their activities thus making it possible for them to be sustainable. Coca Cola is enjoyed by more than 200 countries worldwide thus becoming a global brand after it had started as local brand. It has achieved 48 straight years with an increase in dividends. At present, the company has 3300 beverages being sold worldwide. The present Coca Cola Chairman and CEO is Mr. Muhtar Kent and the company headquarters are located at Atlanta, Georgia (Coca Cola, n.d.). Globalisation is the modern phenomenon that is conquering the attention of the world over in recent times. The term has basically gained popularity in the last two decades. Globalisation, from the point of view of international marketer, refers to the situation where geographical boundaries are neglected. It has made geographical boundaries seem immaterial. Globalisation has made it possible for companies to earn economies of scale which have benefited them in making profit and becoming successful. It has also made

Harrod-domar Model for Development Research Paper

Harrod-domar Model for Development - Research Paper Example This study declares that growth is a narrower concept than development. The latter implies there is an increase in the quantity or value of the goods and services as a result of the productivity of the resources available in the economy while the former implies an increase in living standards, improvement in self-esteem needs and freedom from oppression as well as a greater choice available for the people. As growth is felt and seen in the rise in GDP of a country, development happens in the living conditions of its people through the improved access to the economic needs like education, health and recreation. Economic growth is very important but not an adequate condition for an economy to have a progressive development. The increase in the real Gross Domestic Product brought about by the growth in the economy should result to a progressive change or development which can be seen in the structural changes like an increase in numbers of infrastructures in the economy. These additiona l infrastructures may be in form of factory buildings or facilities imply additional investments. Additional investments may also mean more economic opportunities available for the people residing near where the investment was made.According to the discussion economists proposed theories to explain the importance of economic growth to development and vice versa and tried to emphasize particular patterns that each economy must pursue to attain development. II. Research Problem This paper is about one of the commonly used economic theories in relating growth and development in an economy, the Harrod-Domar Growth Theory. Specifically, this paper will present the development of Harrod-Domar Theory and the economists behind its development. Several factors that linked economic growth to economic development will also be tackled in this paper to establish the applicability of the theory. Possible effects associated with the theory will also be examined to find out if it has its significan ce or implication to the development of an economy. III. Research Objective This paper seeks to establish a deeper understanding of the Harrod-Domar Growth Theory by answering the research problem. This is important in order to explain how economies may or may not develop and how may the growth barriers be identified and overcome in the future. After relating the theory’s significance to the economic condition, it aims to form suggestions which are believed to be appropriate in the formulation of different development policies. IV. Literature Review The theory of economic growth asks what factors determine the full- employment growth rate of output overtime. It is important to study growth theory because it both helps explain growth rates and development and why per capita income level differs among countries. This part will present a brief review of the factors significant or related to economic growth.  

To What Extent is the Employment Relationship Based on the Expression Essay

To What Extent is the Employment Relationship Based on the Expression of Conflicting Interests - Essay Example The overt manifestations of employment relationship conflict such as low productivity, high turnover and high absenteeism are common. The covert manifestations of employment relationship conflict by their analysis of informal work groups, decision-making networks can be highlighted as well. The employment relationship conflicts are largely provided by poor management, poorly designed jobs and the presence of differences over the distribution of economic benefits and returns. In the following parts of this paper, different manifestations of conflicting interests between employer and employee are accounted for including the ways to reduce the level of conflict between them. Subsequent to that, personal viewpoint is included with a recent example of interest conflict between employee and employer before adding the conclusion part. Employment relationship: Manifestations and resolutions of conflicting interests The employment relationship comprises of both cooperation and conflict betwee n employer and employee. ... put their attention on numerous overt manifestations of employment relationship conflict such as job satisfaction and low productivity, high turnover and high absenteeism. Moreover, HR specialists have also highlighted the covert employment relationship conflict through their analysis of informal work groups (among management personnel and employees), decision-making networks and organizational culture. The HR specialists believe that the employment relationship conflict stems from poor management and can be diminished by the improved management (Lewin 2001). In this regard, Taylor (1911) contended that management-worker conflict was largely contributed by poorly designed jobs and the presence of differences over the distribution of economic returns from a relatively low level of productive outcome. Taylor (1911) further argued that by applying industrial engineering principles to the work re-design (including managerial work); the level of productivity would be enhanced considerably and would lead to much bigger economic returns to the management capital and labour. But, it was also the case that workers were increasingly chaffed under the framework of work system required them staunchly to follow the commands and orders of the supervisors (foremen) and that emboldened management to tighten (or threaten to tighten) standard work times at its own will. Furthermore, this work system considered workers as un-dimensional. In order to overcome this narrow concept of the worker and to deal with growing worker dissatisfaction with the framework of scientific management, the pioneers of the human relations movement directed employers’ attention towards workers’ social needs and to the significance of the informal work group (Roethlisberger & Dickson 1939). The notion

Child Abuse And Child Protection Criminology Essay

Child Abuse And Child Protection Criminology Essay The objective of this paper is to deliberate the role the Internet has on the sexual exploitation of children today. The central premise is the crime of online child sexual exploitation with the specific attention on sexual predators online grooming behaviours for procurement of children for sexual abuse. The paper begins with a brief overview of child sexual abuse and sexual exploitation, followed by a short background of computers and the Internet. The paper shall examine and discuss sexual predators, online grooming, accessibility, anonymity, content, and victimisation and highlight an opposing view. During the course of the paper, the term children implies the ages 12 to 17 years, and the expression sexual predators applied to define adults who habitually seek out sexual situations that are deemed exploitative while the use of the word Internet encompasses the terms World Wide Web and cyberspace. Throughout the course of this paper, I intend to demonstrate that, compared to previous generations, technology and the Internet has exposed children of the digital and virtual generation to the immeasurable vulnerability of becoming a victim of child sexual exploitation. Child abuse is universal; it is an extensive social phenomena on a global level that occurs through four methods; neglect, physical abuse, emotional abuse or sexual abuse (Rivett Kelly, 2006 and Lancaster Lumb, 1999). Child sexual abuse occurs when an adult uses their power or authority to involve a child in sexual activity (Child Rights International Network (CRIN), 2012). Child sexual abuse is a multi-layered problem; astonishingly complex in its characteristics, dynamics, causes and consequences with no universal definition (Hobday Ollier, 2004; Price-Robertson, Bromfield, Vassallo, 2010 and Browne Lynch, 1995). Therefore, child sexual abuse can be understood to encompass physical, verbal or emotional abuse (Barber, 2012 and Friedman, 1990) and can involve exposing a sexual body part to a child, and talking in a sexually explicit way (Finkelhor Hotaling, 1984). With the introduction of the Internet, online child sexual abuse has subsequently entered the perplexing realm of child abuse. Child sexual abuse now encompasses; sending obscene text messages or emails, or showing pornographic photographs to a child, solicitation, and online grooming to facilitate procurement of a child for sexual contact (Davidson Gottschalk, 2011; Stanley, 2003). Choo indicated that a study showed that 85 to 95% of child sexual abuse cases, the child knew the perpetrator as an acquaintance or family member in real life but had used the Internet and other technology to further their grooming activities (2009, p. xiii). Therefore, it could be suggested that technology has enhanced opportunities of child sexual abuse for offenders. The first personal computer became available in 1975 (Peter, 2004), and a new phenomenon entered the global landscape in 1969, but it was not until 1993 that it became a commercial product the Internet (Jones Quayle, 2005 and Peter, 2004). The Australian Bureau of Statistics, (2012), revealed Internet access exploded from 286,000 Internet households in 1996 to an incredible 13.1 million in 2010/2011. In almost two decades, the Internet has moved from an ambiguous communications vehicle to a vast virtual world and a ubiquitous fixture in homes, schools and workplaces; an indispensable component of millions of peoples lives (Davidson Gottschalk, 2011 and Quayle, Vaughan, Taylor, 2006). The universality of this technology revolution has changed lives in dramatic ways by shortening the geographical distances and facilitating ways to share information (Stanley, 2001). Computers and the Internet are valuable tools for childrens learning, but like all revolutions, the Internet has simul taneously brought about a darker side (Won, Ok-Ran, Chulyun, Jungmin, 2011; Jones Quayle, 2005 and Stanley, 2001) including the establishment of online child sexual exploitation from sexual predators. Child sexual exploitation is an umbrella term for a spectrum of negative sexual experiences including exposure to unwanted sexually implicit material and uninvited requests for sexual conversations (Burgess, Mahoney, Visk Morgenbesser, 2008 and Jones Quayle, 2005). The Internet created a portal for sexual predators to further facilitate child sexual exploitation. The Internet has become is a double edged sword (Won et al, 2011), although it is an indispensable element of life with the average Australian child spending between 11 to 21hrs per week online (Irvine, 2009), it also delivers new prospects for sexual predators to sexually exploit young Internet users. Sexual predators have been part of society throughout history (Choo, 2009), and now the Internet provides an opportunity for sexual predators to employ grooming behaviours online for solicitation, harassment, exploitation, production of abuse images and participate in abusive acts (Dombrowski, LeMansey, Ahia, Dickson, 2004 and Quayle, Vaughan, Taylor, 2006). Feather (1999) acknowledges that the internet has been shown to act as a new medium through which some commonly recognised forms of child maltreatment, sexual and emotional abuse may be pursued. Australia, in 2006, had 130 completed prosecutions for online child sexual exploitation offenses, in the same year the United Kingdom ha d 322 cases while the United States case reports grew from 4,560 in 1998 to an astonishing 76,584 by the end of 2006 (Choo, 2009, pp. xi -xii). The Internet has provided an accessible gateway for sexual predators to enter the homes of children previously unattainable as prior to the Internet the act of grooming by sexual predators would have required the predator to physically stalk their victims or to know them through legitimate reasons (Armagh, 1998). Child grooming typically begins through a non-sexual, manipulative approach to assist the enticement of a child through active engagement, and by utilising their skills of power and control to lower a childs inhibitions, to desensitise them and to gain their trust before luring them into interaction (Australian Institute of Criminology Online child grooming laws, 2008; Choo, 2009; Davidson Gottschalk, 2011; Beech, Elliott, Birgden Findlater, 2008 and Gallagher, 2007). Child grooming is not a new phenomenon; it dates back to when child sexual abuse was first identified and define (Martellezzo, cited in Davidson Gottschalk, 2011, p. 104). The traditional process of child grooming entailed close physical proximity to a child and many sexual predatory selected jobs as child-serving professionals or volunteers, this enabled them to have positions of authority and to gain childrens trust more easily (Berson, 2003, p. 10). The conventional methods placed the sexual predator at significa nt personal risk as they were exposed to suspicion of any special attention or affection directed towards a child (Armagh, 1998 Gallagher, 2007). The Internet aids sexual predators to shorten the trust building period and to simultaneously have access to multiple victims across the globe (Berson, 2003 and Davidson Gottschalk, 2011). Sexual predators utilise the Internet to groom a child for either immediate sexual gratification or to persistently groom a child online to lay the foundations for sexual abuse in the physical world (Davidson Gottschalk, 2011 and Quayle, Vaughan Taylor, 2006). Choo (2009, p. xii) stated that in the United States in 2006, there were 6,384 reports made regarding online enticement. The advent of the Internet facilitates sexual predators a formidable utopia of opportunity for sexual abuse through easier, simpler and faster instant access to potential child victims worldwide. The central differences for sexual predators in the physical world and the online world are accessibility and anonymity. The Internet changed the way people interact, and online communication has become an integral part of society. Instant messaging and chat rooms are readily accessed by sexual predators to discover and target potential victims (Berson, 2003; Choo, 2009; Davidson Gottschalk, 2011 and Stanley, 2001). Choo (2009) indicates that studies have shown 55% of sexual predators utilise social networking sites to enable quick, effective and ostensibly with confidentiality. Sexual predators employ their skills by exploiting search engines to locate publically available information on children and their activities, and acquiring personal information from participating in chat rooms which, then permits them to attract, manipulate and build long term virtual relationships with potential victims (Berson, 2003; Choo, 2009; Davidson Gottschalk, 2011 and Stanley, 2001). According to Choo (2009) a study in the United States in 2006 indicated that 71% of children have established an online profile on soc ial networking sites with 47% of them allowing their profiles to be public- viewable by anyone. 40% of sexual predators will read online profiles of children in an attempt to identify potential victims according to a study conducted by Malesky (2007). Social networking sites, chat rooms, and instant messaging support sexual predators access to children through real time open access to specific subject forums, searchable profiles, display of personal information, message boards and instant contact (Aiken, Moran Berry, 2011; Calder, 2004; Davidson Gottschalk, 2011; Dombrowski et al, 2004 and Marcum, 2007). Before the Internet, this type of information and access would have been almost impossible for a predator to acquire. The Internet provides a previously unattainable degree of anonymity and this allows a sexual predator to hide behind their masquerade personas to entice interaction with children (Choo, 2009). One of the main attractions of the Internet for sexual predators is the anonymity. A child does not always know who they are interrelating with, and they may think they know, but unless it is a school friend or a relative, they genuinely cannot be sure. Utilising concealment of identity, many sexual predators are more inclined to behave deviant; uninhibited through anonymity and the depersonalised isolation of the virtual world with little risk of detection (Aiken et al, 2011 Burgess et al, 2008). Feather (1999, p. 7) specified that many child sexual predators lurk in chat rooms they remain in the background intensively reading chat room posts without actually commenting themselves, they monitor the rooms looking for potential victims or they use a pseudonym to facilitate interaction. In 2006 , there were 850,000 cases of children receiving unwanted sexual approaches in chat rooms online in the United Kingdom, many anonymously or posing as a child (Choo, 2009). The main aim of concealing their identities is to gain the trust of a child to facilitate the eventual physical contact. A study by Malesky (2007) revealed 80% of participants frequented chat rooms geared towards minors and used pseudonyms to improve their chances of making contact with a child and to eventually generate an offline meeting. Technical advances have introduced sexual predators to protocols and programs that enable them to conceal their identities which makes it difficult to trace and locate them (Choo, 2009). The proliferation and ease of accessibility has allowed for child sexual predators to electronically creep into the bedrooms of children where they engage in sexually explicit chat, cyber voyeurism and exhibitionism over the expanding Internet. Since the Internet is largely uncensored and only partially regulated (Stanley, 2003) it has enabled sexual predators to expose children to negative content such as pornography and sexually explicit material. The unprecedented ease of access to the Internet introduced a vehicle for the flow of digital and electronic data of sexually exploitative material including sexual imagery. The Cyber Tipline in the United States advocates that in 2002, 51 million images and videos of pornography were on the Internet depicting children and indicated that between 1998 and 2012, there were 1.3 million reports regarding sexual inappropriate conduct and material these included child pornography and unsolicited obscene material sent to a child (National Center for Missing Exploited Children, 2012). Sexual predators use pornography and sexually explicit materials to desensitise children to deviant sexual stimuli to encourage them to participate in sexual activities. 1 in 25 children have been asked t o send sexual pictures of themselves to someone on the Internet (Mitchell, Finkelhor Wolak, 2007). Children are the targets for most sexual predators as their social skills are generally incomplete and they are less likely to pick up on the relevant clues of grooming such as inappropriate remarks (Choo, 2009). Children in the higher age brackets are more likely targets for sexual predators due in part to their greater mobility, sexual curiosity and autonomy (Choo, 2009 and Davidson Gottschalk, 2011). These children have an intense interest in expanding social networks, taking risks and forming emotional bonds with others. They share more personal information, interact with strangers via chat rooms, email or post pictures online, visit adult content websites and chat rooms and agree to meet with someone in person when they met online. Examination of literature for this paper indicated that the Internet poses real dangers to children and they can be vulnerable to sexual predators (for example see, Bersen, 2008; Choo, 2009 Davidson Gottschalk, 2011; Jones Quayle, 2005; Malesky, 2005 and Stanley, 2001). Even though Byron cited in Moran et al indicated that sexual predators may be increasingly moving online, given the increasingly restrictive real world access to children, it is impossible to determine the full extent of the numbers of children who have experienced online child sexual exploitation due to most cases not being reported but an Australian study estimated 28% of girls and 9% of boys have in some form been sexually exploited online (Choo, 2009). Wolak, Finkelhor, Mitchell and Ybarra (2008) argue that the Internet has only provided a new avenue for an old crime and suggest that through their research Internet initiated sexual abuse numbers are largely inaccurate. They suggest that the majority of the physical offline encounters is between adult men and underage adolescents who used online communities and were aware they were conversing with adults who rarely deceived them about their sexual interests and that the estimated 500 arrests in the United States for statutory rape occurring from internet contact 95% are non-forcible the adolescent was a willing participant. Richards (2011) suggests that situational and environmental factors play a key role in sexual offending and research has shown that most sexual predators are known to their victims; they are not targeted by strangers. Tomison (2001) specifies that in Australia it was not until the late 1900s did welfare groups begin to recognise that most perpetrators of child s exual abuse were from within the family; known as intrafamilial sexual abuse (Smallbone Wortley, 2001). In the 1920s child sexual abuse became characterised as abuse committed by strangers; known as extrafamilial sexual abuse (Smallbone Wortley, 2001). Today it appears to be seen as a mixture of both. In conclusion, child sexual abuse is a multifaceted problem, and the Internet has now contributed to the complexities of this. Child sexual predators are those who take unfair advantage of some imbalance of power between themselves and a child in order to sexually use them either online or in the physical world. Sexual predators predominately utilise the art of grooming to entice the trust of a child and while has been a part of the physical world of sexual predators in previous generations, the Internet has facilitated the use of grooming to a whole new level on the next generation. The Internet is a continuous, evolving entity that has become part of mainstream life. It has evolved from humble beings in the late 1960s to an immeasurable phenomenon way into the future, millions of families have instant, fast access the Internet daily and this too shall continue to grow with the introduction in Australia of a national broadband network. This paper demonstrated that most sexual predators, who commit sexual abuse on a child in the physical world, initially become acquainted with the child by communication over the Internet and employed more advanced grooming techniques to gain a childs trust. The paper established that the Internet has had a dramatic impact on the evolution of child exploitation by providing an avenue for sexual predators to seek out potential victims and to communicate with them. The rapid development and explosive use of the Internet have allowed for increased opportunities for recruiting children for sexually purposes through social networking sites and chat rooms and the paper identified the Internet as an ideal setting for child sexual exploitation through anonymity and the ease with which one can masquerade. Finally, this paper has identified and ultimately demonstrated that through the revolution of the Internet it provided new tools for sexual predators to sexually exploit children in the digi tal and virtual generation.

Immigrants and The American Dream Essays -- Essays on the American Dre

The "American dream" is different for every person. To some it means financial success, to others it means freedom of expression, while others dream to practice their religion without fear. The "American dream" is a complex concept providing immigrants with the hope of better life. The U.S. government provides the environment and resources for everyone to pursue their dreams. Each year millions of people around the world apply for the Diversity Visa lottery program provided by the U.S. government, however only a few thousand people are lucky enough to come here. America is the place where people are judged by their achievements instead of having references or connections. Even though the American economy is in recession and the achieving of the American Dream is harder, many immigrants still achieve religious, political, financial, and sports dreams here in the U.S. Throughout the history of this nation there are thousands of upon thousands of immigrants coming to this country and achieving the American dream. The Irish immigrated to the United States in 1840 – 1850s in big numbers driven by hunger and by the oppression of the British. Many of them became successful politicians, police officers and businessmen. One of the brightest examples in the history of Irish immigration success is Henry Ford. His grandfather immigrated in the 1840s escaping the potato famine. Henry Ford himself was born in a poor family in Dearborn, Michigan went on to become the most successful car builder in the country (Hennigan). Between 1880 and 1920 the first wave of Italians mainly from South Italy immigrated in the United States (Hendin 13). Many escaped from the poor countryside in Southern Italy to seek better life in America. Shining ex... ...cal Engineering 122.10 (2000): 82. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. More About the Film â€Å"Joe DiMaggio: The Hero’s Life. Joe DiMaggio. PBS., n.d. Web. 28 Feb. 2013. â€Å"The Bulgarians beyond the ocean.† BTV the Reporters. BTV Channel. 19 Feb. 2011. Television. Thomas, John F. Documentation. Cuban Refugees in the United States. N.d. 46-57. International Migration Review. Web. 1 Mar. 2013. Thomas, Oliver "Buzz". "How To Keep The 'United' In United States: Coping With Religious Diversity In The World's First 'New' Nation." Church & State Feb. 2007: 19+. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 1 Mar. 2013. "U.S. Coptic church gets bishop." Christian Century 113.3 (1996): 70. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 1 Mar. 2013. Wills, Chuck, Destination America: The People and Cultures That Created a Nation. New York: DK Publishing, 2005. Print.

Koreatown

Koreatown, L. A. Four miles SSW from the iconic Hollywood sign and just about the physical center of the City of Angels is Koreatown. Koreatown has the largest South Korean population outside of the country itself. With such a high concentration of these richly cultured peoples came many korean style restaurants and other eateries. Though in recent years Koreatown’s Korean population has declined to about 30% of the total population, it is still considered the prime place to enjoy a good dim sum or kimchi.There is a little more than a thousand Korean owned businesses in K-Town and a very good majority of those are eateries. Being known for its nightlife, most of K-Town’s eateries are bars and norebangs (karaoki rooms). â€Å"A night out in what insiders call K-Town might begin with dinner or warm-up drinks and nibbling at a stylish cafe with giant video screens, then proceed to dancing at an exclusive nightclub or singing at a karaoke †music studio† until d awn† (Navarro).Singing in norebangs is a widely appreciated pass-time in the Korean community and is usually accompanied with alcohol and appetizers. This pass-time is never done alone and it is usually done in large groups for any occasion. The alcohol of choice being makgeolli, a fermented rice wine, is usually associated with the cooking and munching of small strips of sweet and crispy pork belly. Small groups of people can be seen around a table drinking, cooking the snack and conversing.Another widely appreciated restaurant type brought over from the Koreas, is the Korean BBQ. Essentially, it is a cook-it-yourself restaurant; the cooks prepare the dishes to be cooked and then hand them out to the customer to be cooked right at their own grill in the middle of the table. This allows the customer to cook the meat to their desired taste and gives more time to converse. Interestingly, it doesn’t have to be eaten with a utensil; usually there would be a plate of large l ettuce leaves.It is very common to tear off a piece of the leaf and cup it in one hand while the other picks up a piece of meat with chopsticks and puts it on the leaf. If there is anything else to put on it, like a slice of mushroom, it is put on top, the leaf is rolled up and popped in the mouth. The most popular food in Korean culture is kimchi. It is made primarily from fermented napa cabbage, spicy red pepper powder, and various other vegetables and spices. In most asian cultures, there are many parts to a meal; kimchi is usually a side-dish.The ingredients are quite cheap and the recipe is easy to follow. In low-income families, kimchi is a larger part of the meal. It is the perfect food for these families because it can easily be made in bulk and it can be kept for up to a month in the refrigerator. Kimchi is a staple of Korean society. Korea brought over a very cultured people that are very family and food involved. Food is a very important part of the Korean culture and com munity as a whole. Work Cited Navarro, Mireya. â€Å"It's Koreatown, Jake. † The New York Times. The New York Times, 08 Aug. 2004. Web. 3 Nov. 2012.

Definition and Examples of Amphiboly in English

Definition and Examples of Amphiboly in English Amphiboly is a  fallacy  of relevance that relies on an ambiguous word or grammatical structure to confuse or mislead an audience. Adjective: amphibolous. Also known as  amphibology. More broadly, amphiboly may refer to a fallacy that results from a faulty sentence structure of any kind. Etymology From the Greek, irregular speech Pronunciation:  am-FIB-o-lee Examples and Observations [T]he 2003 election reform law demanded that politicians acknowledge in their own voices their responsibility for advertisements they run on public airwaves. But five years later, the I approved has become a pivotal device in commercials for Congress and the White House, a place for candidates to make a declaration of intent, summarize the message or take a parting shot. . . .A University of New Hampshire rhetoric professor, James Farrell, was irked as far back as the 2004 Democratic primary campaign, the first time the disclaimers were required. Then, as now, he said, advertisement writers were coming up with awkward non-sequiturs just to slip in something extra.Mr. Farrell noted a current commercial for Representative Don Cazayoux, Democrat of Louisiana, in which the candidate said, I’m Don Cazayoux and I approved this message because that’s who I’m fighting for. That, Mr. Farrell said, is an amphiboly, a logical confusion created by a grammatical ambiguity.Of course, if asked, the candidate will say he means he’s fighting for the middle class, said Mr. Farrell, of the spot’s theme. However, one could easily conclude that the disclaimer addition refers to the candidate himself, as in, I’m Don and that’s who I’m fighting for.(Steve Friess, Candidates ‘Approve’ Ads and Get a Bit Creative. The New York Times, Sep. 30, 2008) Humorous Amphibolies Amphiboly is usually so recognizable that it is rarely used in real-life situations to make a claim seem stronger than it is. Instead, it more often leads to humorous misunderstandings and confusions. Newspaper headlines are one common source of amphiboly. Here are a few examples: Prostitutes Appeal to Pope Farmer Bill Dies in House Dr. Ruth to Talk About Sex With Newspaper Editors Burglar  Gets Nine Months in Violin Case Juvenile  Court to Try Shooting Defendant Red Tape Holds Up New Bridge Marijuana Issues Sent to a Joint Committee Two Convicts Evade Noose: Jury Hung. . . . Most of these cases of amphiboly are the result of a poorly constructed sentence: I like chocolate cake better than you. Although we normally try to avoid them, intentional amphiboly may prove useful when we feel obligated to say something we would rather not have to say, yet want to avoid saying something that is patently not true. Here are lines from letters of recommendation: In my opinion, you will be very fortunate to get this person to work for you. I am pleased to say that this candidate is a former colleague of mine. From a professor on receiving a late paper from a student: I shall waste no time in reading this. (John Capps and Donald Capps, Youve Got To Be Kidding!: How Jokes Can Help You Think. Wiley-Blackwell, 2009) Amphiboly in a Classified Ad Sometimes the amphiboly is more subtle. Take this newspaper classified ad that appears under Furnished Apartments for Rent: 3 rooms, river view, private phone, bath, kitchen, utilities included Your interest is aroused. But when you visit the apartment, there is neither a bathroom nor a kitchen. You challenge the landlord. He remarks that there are common bathroom and kitchen facilities at the end of the hall. But what about the private bath and kitchen that the ad mentioned? you query. What are you talking about? the landlord replies. The ad didnt say anything about a private bath or a private kitchen. All the ad said was private phone. The advertisement was amphibolous. One cannot tell from the printed words whether private modifies only phone or whether it also modifies bath and kitchen. (Robert J. Gula, Nonsense: Red Herrings, Straw Men and Sacred Cows: How We Abuse Logic in Our Everyday Language. Axios, 2007) Characteristics of Amphibolies To become a skilled perpetrator of amphibolies you must acquire a certain nonchalance toward punctuation, especially commas. You must learn to toss off lines such as I heard cathedral bells tripping through the alleyways, as if it mattered not a whit whether you or the bells were doing the tripping. You should acquire a vocabulary of nouns which can be verbs and a grammatical style which easily accommodates misplaced pronouns and confusions over subject and predicate. The astrology columns in popular newspapers provide excellent source material. (Madsen Pirie, How to Win Every Argument: The Use and Abuse of Logic. Continuum, 2006) The Lighter Side of Amphiboly Some amphibolous sentences are not without their humorous aspects, as in posters urging us to Save Soap and Waste Paper, or when anthropology is defined as The science of man embracing woman. We should be mistaken if we inferred immodest dress on the woman described in a story: . . . loosely wrapped in a newspaper, she carried three dresses. Amphiboly is often exhibited by newspaper headings and brief items, as in The farmer blew out his brains after taking affectionate farewell of his family with a shotgun. (Richard E. Young, Alton L. Becker, and Kenneth L. Pike, Rhetoric: Discovery and Change. Harcourt, 1970)

AP Chemistry Scores - Learn What You Need for College

AP Chemistry Scores - Learn What You Need for College Fewer students take AP Chemistry than AP Biology, Physics, or Calculus. Nevertheless, the course is an excellent choice for students interested in pursuing a STEM field in college, or for students who want to demonstrate to college admissions officers that they pushed themselves to take challenging courses in high school. Most colleges and universities have a science and lab requirement, so a high score on the AP Chemistry exam will sometimes fulfill these requirements. About the AP Chemistry Course and Exam AP Chemistry is designed to cover the material that a student would typically encounter in an introductory chemistry course taken in the first year of college. The course will sometimes fulfill a science requirement, laboratory requirement, or place a student into the second semester of a chemistry sequence. AP Chemistry is organized around six central ideas that allow students to understand and predict chemical interactions: Atoms. Students learn that the chemical elements are the building blocks of all matter, and that matter is defined by the arrangement of those atoms.Properties of Materials. This section examines the ways that the physical and chemical properties of materials are defined by the arrangements of atoms, ions, or molecules, and the forces between them.Changes in Matter. Students study the way that the rearrangement of atoms and transfer of electrons causes changes in matter.Reaction Rates. In this section, students study how the rate at which chemicals react is governed by the nature of the molecular collisions.Laws of Thermodynamics. Through a study of the laws of thermodynamics, students learn about the conservation of energy and how that relates to changes in matter.Equilibrium. Students learn that chemical reactions are reversible and can proceed in either direction. Chemical equilibrium results when opposing chemical processes occur at the same rate. Central to the course is the students ability to model phenomena, use mathematics to solve problems, pose and evaluate scientific questions, collect and analyze data, and make claims and predictions about chemical phenomena based on scientific models and theories. AP Chemistry Score Information The AP Chemistry exam was taken by 161,852 students in 2018. Only 90,398 of those students (55.9 percent) earned a score of 3 or higher indicating that they have a level of mastery sufficient for possibly earning college credit.   The mean score for the AP Chemistry exam was 2.80, and the scores were distributed as follows: AP Chemistry Score Percentiles (2018 Data) Score Number of Students Percentage of Students 5 21,624 13.4 4 28,489 17.6 3 40,285 24.9 2 38,078 23.5 1 33,376 20.6 If your score is on the low end of the scale, realize that you dont need to report it to colleges. Unlike the SAT and ACT, AP exam scores are typically self-reported and not required. Course Credit and Placement for AP Chemistry The table below presents some representative data from a variety of colleges and universities. This information is meant to provide a general picture of the way that selective colleges view the AP Chemistry exam. Youll see that all the schools do offer credit for a strong score on the chemistry exam,  even if just general credits with no placement- AP Chemistry is one of the more widely-accepted exams. Note that all of the private institutions require at least a 4 on the exam to earn credit while all the public institutions except for Georgia Tech will accept a 3. Keep in mind that AP placement data changes frequently, so be sure to check with a colleges Registrar to get the most up-to-date information. AP Chemistry Scores and Placement College Score Needed Placement Credit Georgia Tech 5 CHEM 1310 (4 semester hours) Grinnell College 4 or 5 4 semester credits; CHM 129 Hamilton College 4 or 5 1 credit after completing CHEM 125 and/or 190 LSU 3, 4 or 5 CHEM 1201, 1202 (6 credits) for a 3; CHEM 1421, 1422 (6 credits) for a 4 or 5 MIT - no credit or placement for AP Chemistry Mississippi State University 3, 4 or 5 CH 1213 (3 credits) for a 3; CH 1213 and CH 1223 (6 credits) for a 4 or 5 Notre Dame 4 or 5 Chemistry 10101 (3 credits) for a 4; Chemistry 10171 (4 credits) for a 5 Reed College 4 or 5 1 credit; no placement Stanford University 5 CHEM 33; 4 quarter units Truman State University 3, 4 or 5 CHEM 100 Chemistry (4 credits) for a 3; CHEM 120 Chemical Principles I (5 credits) for a 4 or 5 UCLA (School of Letters and Science) 3, 4 or 5 8 credits and Introductory CHEM for a 3; 8 credits and General CHEM for a 4 or 5 Yale University 5 1 credit; CHEM 112a, 113b, 114a, 115b A Final Word on AP Chemistry Course credit and placement arent the only reasons to take AP Chemistry. When applying to colleges, a strong academic record will be the most important part of your application. Colleges want to see that you have succeeded in the most challenging courses available to you, and AP, IB, and Honors all play an important role on this front. Doing well in Advanced Placement classes (and AP exams) is a far better predictor of future college success than standardized tests such as the SAT or ACT. To learn more specific information about the AP Chemistry exam, be sure to visit the  official College Board website.

Congestion Problem in Beijing, China Research Paper

Congestion Problem in Beijing, China - Research Paper Example This is the political center of China, and it is among the modern and dynamic cities in cities. In just over a decade, the population Beijing has grown by nearly 42 per cent to nearly 20 million people, and this makes it one of the fastest growing cities in the world (Feng, 2012). Unlike the previous years, the scene of bicycles as previously witnessed has been replaced with by parked cars and crowded subways. The number of registered automobiles grew from 1.9 million in 2002 to more than 5 million automobiles in 2012 (Feng, 2012). It is important to remember that Beijing has more than 15 subways and rail lines totaling to more than 450 kilometers, one of the longest in the world. Despite this, congestion is still a major problem. The question therefore remains, what causes this congestion? The congestion in this city is caused by a number of factors. First, there is the phenomenon of motor and non-motor vehicle mixed traffic (MNM) (Hua, et al, 2013). This is the case where traffic is characterized by both motor vehicles and other non-motor vehicles. In Beijing, there are a high number of bicycles, and this poses a major challenge to traffic management. It is difficult to control the bypassing of vehicles, pedestrians and cycles. This confusion disrupts the flow of traffic, leading to congestion.

Costing Principles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Costing Principles - Essay Example A cost purpose is an action or product for that the total or unit cost is to be computed. A cost objective may be the product manufactured or the service delivered, or it may be a department, a course, or a function, all of that are referred to as cost centers. The cost axis is the least unit for that costs are mounted up for reporting and analytical functions. Organisations whose products or batches of products are treated as individual jobs use job-order costing systems. Airplane producers and parts suppliers for large manufacturing Organisations, such as tool and die shops, are examples of the users of this system. Organisations use process-costing systems with homogeneous products such as crude oil, chemicals, and grains. Both job-order and process costing systems function to build up unit costs of production, but since of the inherent disparities in the physical characteristics of the products the two methods vary. Standard costing systems absorb standard direct materials, standard direct labor and standard company overhead into production costs. Standard costs are estimated costs that may have a close relationship with budgeted costs. Standard costing systems are widely used by manufacturing organisations. (Shank, 1993, 32-33) The official statement of generally accepted accounting principles, demands that the assessment of inventories by manufacturing firms for external reporting include the full cost, that is, direct materials, direct labor and total company overhead. This system of product costing is called absorption costing or full-absorption costing. (Antos, 1998, 13-14) GAAP also requires that for external reporting actual costs should be used except where the estimated costs are not materially different from actual costs. Direct Costing Direct costing differs from full-absorption costing only in regard to one category of costs, fixed company overhead. Direct costing includes direct materials, direct labor, and variable overhead in the product costs. Fixed company overhead is charged directly to the accounting period. Ending inventory, therefore, never includes any fixed overhead. This system of costing has not been approved for external reporting purposes by GAAP, but may be used for internal purposes. Activity-Based Costing A management tool named activity - based costing (ABC) has turn out to be one of the more extensively clinch of new management styles over the period of the last ten years. Though its nucleus lies in cost accounting, ABC has engrossed the consideration of business managers in general, and has been the focus of researches in the Harvard Business Review and Fortune. Not simply is it a foremost subject matter in business, it has been accepted in parts of government like USA, such as the Department of Defense and the IRS. What commenced as effectively an

Strategic Management and Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words - 3

Strategic Management and Leadership - Essay Example The company’s headquarters is in Memphis, Tennessee. The corporation has many major divisions working under it which are like FedEx Express, FedEx Freight, FedEx Services and FedEx Ground. Among all these the flagship segment for the company is its FedEx Express which is the global leader in shipment industry providing the best quality service tot eh customers over the years continuously. The company has its business operations spread across in totally 220 countries with 300,000 employees, 660 aircrafts and 90,000 vehicles ready to perform at their best to provide the best quality service to the customers across all the countries. The company has been rated in the top 100 companies across the world in Fortune magazine and also has been ranked among the top 10 companies that are been admired globally in 2009 (FedEx, 2014). The corporation has got the highest number of aircrafts for shipment purpose than other companies in the shipment industry present in the global world. In 20 12, in US the company had a market share of 49% and also had a dream to grow continuously and capturing 15-20% of the market share in the global market having its good presence in mostly all the countries. The company’s net operating income value is around $2 billion and the revenue of the company is approximately $42 billion, in this 80% of the income generated for the company is from its flagship service FedEx Express which has been on the top of shipment of goods among all the other competitors present in the market. Many big companies like Apple have trusted over FedEx for their shipment process and they have used the service of FedEx to ship their products and parts to different parts of the world. Looking at the financial report of the company over the last few years it can be seen that the company has grown in a huge way in the last few years and has increased its market share and revenue with a good percentage over the previous years.

Success of Native Americans Essay Example for Free

Success of Native Americans Essay The authors of the article aimed to decipher the factors that contribute or hinder the academic success of Native Americans attending American universities at the freshman year level. Specifically, they directed their study on the relationship between the culture of Native Americans to their academic grade point average, or GPA. They theorized that Native Americans who conformed to the beliefs, values and interests of Caucasians had higher GPA’s than Native Americans who hold on to their cultural beliefs, values, interests and traditions. The study was conducted in the fall of 1998 where 48 Native Americans participated in a series of examinations designed to ascertain how well the participants are able to conform to Caucasian American culture. The results of the tests are compared to the high school GPA’s and Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores of the participants. The results of the study showed that there is a direct relationship between how well Native Americans conform to the Caucasian American culture and their high school GPA’s and SAT scores. It revealed that Native Americans who have strong ties to their own cultures have lower high school GPA’s and SAT scores compared to those who have assimilated the beliefs, values and interests of Caucasians. Although the study conducted by the authors only had a small sample of participants, their findings were supported by studies done by other authors. One study had linked to conflicts brought about by the differences in the traditions, beliefs, values and interests between Native Americans and Caucasians have caused many Native Americans to drop out from universities, widening the gap in academic success between the two cultural groups. The authors concluded based on the information obtained from their independent study and studies carried out by other authors that the cultural background of a student plays a significant role in achieving success in their academic life. Based on this conclusion, the authors recommended that in order for Native American to succeed academically, steps must be taken to help them understand the Caucasian American culture and its importance in their academic life, specifically in university studies. The authors also stated that since the conclusion and recommendation made are based on their independent studies and related review materials, they encourage further research be done to fully comprehend the academic achievement gap between these two cultures in order to ensure that the proper measures are done to close this gap. This article was to my liking since most academic achievement gaps studies between Caucasians and minority groups concentrated on African American, Hispanic and Asian cultures. As what was mentioned in the article, more research must be done to evaluate and address the academic achievement gap between Native Americans and Caucasians. Although the findings of the study is disturbing, it had also made me aware that biases towards the Caucasian culture in the academic world may be the cause for the growing academic achievement gap between Caucasians and other culture groups. Today, our universities are seeing an increase in the diversity of students enrolling, partly in line with universities encouraging diversity in their student population. However, it is apparent that the only way to succeed in an American university, a student from another cultural group must assimilate the â€Å"American† culture. This revelation based on this study contradicts universities’ claim that they encourage diversity in their student population.

Housekeeping Training and Development

Housekeeping Training and Development Housekeeping is a process of making a place or organization clean and tidy . There is specific department in hotel which is called housekeeping department . This department is responsible to clean the hotel rooms and common area . This department is supervise by an housekeeping manager and assist by an assistant manager. In this process , activities such as cleaning dirty surface , dusting , vacuuming and rubbish disposing are done regularly . In order to clean , tools such as broom , sponge , vacuum machine , and detergent are used . Housekeeping department also plays an important role in hotel line because it creates an pleasant impression . TOPIC: TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT IN HOUSEKEEPING What are three basic areas housekeeping employees should receive training? List the elements found in each area and the importance of environmental and health concerns. Provide good and poor examples. ROOM http://img4.realsimple.com/images/home-organizing/cleaning/0604/family-room_300.jpg Room is the basic area for a housekeeping personnel to receive training . Room is the main source of income for the hotel premise . Room should be kept clean so that it would create a good impression to the guest thus creating a trust in them . however to get a clean room , housekeeping personnel should Clean the room thoroughly without raising dust, using a damp mop , Routinely clean and disinfect equipment and furniture in customers room , Commode, Empty and disinfect the sputum mug frequently if the customer is using it , Empty and clean the waste-paper bin each day or when necessary , keep windows open to promote ventilation and use air-freshening spray if there is an odor left in the room . The class of the room in the hotel mostly depends on the structure of the hotel itself. The classification of the hotel rooms is often used not so much for the indication of comfort, as for the reflection of the number of beds. You can safely say that the general standard for the internationa l hotel business today is a single room. Tourist, staying in it, can count on the separate bathroom, wardrobe, TV set. WI-FI connection to the Internet is a default option practically in all the rooms of new hotels.Depending on the host country and the status of the hotel a standard room can have additional functions and features. For example, in many  hotels in Britain  washstands with the separate faucet for cold and hot water can be found. In Chine the standard set for the bathroom includes a hairbrush, a toothbrush and paste. Thereby the standard set for the bathroom in the world hotel industry includes soap, towels for body and hands and, of late, a shower gel.In addition to the standard room, the world classification distinguishes more than 30 different types of rooms. The type of the hotel room can depend on the view from the window, the number and the size of rooms, the quality of furniture, the content of mini-bar and the availability of office equipment. In addition to the classification of rooms there is a classification of accommodation. There are also a lot of options: from a double room, where three or more people can stay, to accommodation with children or in the separate cabin on the territory of the hotel. Both the room types and the accommodation types have alphabetic acronyms, primarily in English. For example, BO stands for bed only and means that meals are not included. An abbreviation SV (sea view) in the description of the room means that you will be able to observe the sea through your window.These are the types of room Deluxe Deluxe rooms one of the most expensive rooms in the hotel. Deluxe (De luxe) the word is from the French language, literally can be high class Standard Standard or single room is a classic of hotel business. A single room in any hotel plays a role of its own currency. Suite Suite is a hotel room with an improved design. Suites are often similar in size to a standard room, but the quality of design remains good HOTEL LOBBY http://www.empresshotels.com/img/empress-hotel-lobby.jpg Hotel lobby plays an important role in housekeeping because that is the first place guest will see in the entrance of the hotel . Other than that , guest can actually rest while waiting their reservation to be proceses . The lobby should be kept clean regularly , the chairs and table should be wiped and the floor should be mopped . Lobby also can be called as foyer or entrance hall . Many  office buildings,  hotels  and  skyscrapers  go to great lengths to decorate their lobbies to create the right impression. Since the mid 1980s there has been a growing trend to think of lobbies as more than just ways to get from the door to the  elevator, but instead as social spaces and places of commerce.  Some research has even been done to develop scales to measure lobby atmosphere in order to improve hotel lobby design. Many places that offer public services, such as a doctors office, use their lobbies as more of a waiting room for the people waiting for a certain service. In the se types of lobbies it is common for there to be comfortable furniture, such as couches and lounge chairs, so that the customer will be able to wait in comfort. Also, there may be television sets, books, and/or magazines to help the customer pass time as they wait to be served . In the end the lobby should be kept clean to bring in more income . HOTEL WASHROOM http://s3.amazonaws.com/atimg/82961/HazeltonHotel_rect540.jpg Hotel washroom should be kept clean so that it would create a good impression to the customer . The housekeeping department is responsible to ensure that these place are kept clean and tidy .a washroom can be a single unit featuring a toilet and  hand basin  for hand washing. washroom can also be larger facilities, which may include bathing facilities or showers,  changing rooms  and baby facilities.washroom may be stand alone buildings or installations, or be contained within buildings such as  railway stations, schools,  bars,  restaurants,nightclubs  or  filling stations. washroom can also be found on some  public transport  vehicles, for use by passengers. washroom are usually fixed facilities, but can also refer to smaller public  portable toilets, or larger public portable toilets constructed as  portable buildings.washroom are commonly separated by  gender  into male and female facilities, although some can be  unisex, particularly the smaller o r single occupancy types. Both male and female toilets may incorporate toilet cubicles, while many male toilets also feature  urinals. Increasingly, public toilets incorporate  accessible toilets  and features to cater for people with  disabilities.washroom may be unattended or be staffed by a  janitor  (possibly with a separate room), or  attendant, provided by the  local authority  or the owner of the larger building. In many cultures it is customary to  tip  the attendant, while other public toilets may charge a small  fee  for entrance, sometimes through use of a coin operated  turnstile . QUESTION 2 TOPIC: HOTEL AMMENITIES What amenities would you feature in a budget hotel property? In a midsized property? In a luxury property? BUDGET HOTEL http://www.hotelbeursstraat.nl/images/budget_hotel_amsterdam.jpg Budget hotel provides a cheap yet a comfortable place to stay . I would prefer amenities such as food and beverage service and include with shops which sells basic utensils and food . Other than that   Air conditioning must be available. There should be special disability adapted rooms available. The friendly reception is open 24 hours to provide any information required, including currency exchange, safe deposit boxes and internet connection . Younger guests can also have fun in the playground. In the evening, guests can enjoy music at the pool bar, as well as the main bar and frequent party nights to keep spirits high. Barbecue and kaoreke should be provided . MIDSIZED HOTEL http://www.greenfieldhotel.com/en/images/Hotel%20new.jpg Midsized hotel usually is 3 or 4 star hotel . In my opinion food and beverage especially the restaurant should have variety of dishes and facilities .   Guests can relax by the swimming pool with refreshments from the pool bar, open from early in the morning until late at night and other leisure facilities such as the pool table, water polo and the recreation room , all this facilities must be included in midsized property . Other than that , Spa , Jacuzzi , wifi and cable tv should be provided . LUXURY PROPERTY http://www.ezega.com/userfiles/Image/atsea.jpg Luxury hotel such as burj al arab are given the high class facilities or deluxe .Types of amenities a luxury hotel should have is Food and beverage service such as multiple restaurant with different types of cuisine and be entertained by high class waiter and waitress . Other than that Bath ropes and towel should be provided in well furnished washroom equal to 6 star washroom . In entertainment wise , cable tv with multiple channel should be provided and equipped with cd and dvd player . Iron and iron board should be provided together with a huge wardrobe . The beddiong should be huge together with high quality pillow and blanket . In terms of food , a mini fridge should be provided with drinks , wine and snacks . A world class jacuzzi and spa should be provided in high class and in spa the instructor should be well trained . CONCLUSION Question 1 and 2 show me the importance of housekeeping department in hotel industry . Housekeeping department plays an important role in hotel industry because it create an pleasant impression to the guest , thus bringing in more business . Other than that , hotel amenities also plays an important role in hotel industry because guest will prefer to go to hotel which provide better amenities . IM PADMAN THANABALAN, hereby confirm that this assignment is my own work and not copied or plagiarized from any sources. I have referenced the sources from which information is obtained by me for this assignment. Signature Date BIBILIOGRAPHY http://www.hotelnissaki.gr/mykonos-hotels-facilities-amenities.php http://www.hotelhaciendaloslaureles.com/english/los-laureles-facilities.php http://www.ezega.com/userfiles/Image/atsea.jpg http://housekeeping.about.com/od/cleaning101/a/housekeeping.htm Raising the Dust : The Literary Housekeeping of Mary Ward, Sarah Grand, and Charlotte Perkins Gilman  Ã‚  Ã‚   Author:  Sutton-Ramspeck, Beth  Ã‚  Ã‚   Publisher:  Ohio University Press Original Publish Date: 09/2004   Enders Hotel : A Memoir  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Author:  Schrand, Brandon R.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Publisher:  University of Nebraska Press Original Publish Date: 03/2008   Opportunities in Hotel and Motel Management Careers  Ã‚  Ã‚   Author:  Henkin, Shepard  Ã‚  Ã‚   Publisher:  McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing Original Publish Date: 11/2001